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翻譯：Meanahile ,steel pipes that would carry the oil were being developed . These were the first oil pipelines which take the advantage of the fact the oil is a liqnid. The ideas of a pipeline were not new , water has been transported through pipes for handreds of year ,The oil pipeline were not accepted without a struggle, hower.
翻譯：Classification of reservoirs can be made on the basis of the texture, composition, and origin of the containing rock or the geometric configuration of the reservoir trap. Classification of reservoirs in the basis of rock texture and composition can assist in the prediction of reservoir performance. Variations in the mineralogy of reservoir rocks can be as important in reservoir performance as structural configuration or areal extent of the reservoir rock.
翻譯：Nearly three-fifths of all known petroleum reserves on Earth is to be found in the territory of the various Arabic-speaking countries. Kuwait , for instance , which is a small nation at the head of the Persian Gulf , with an area only three-fourths that of Massachusetts and a population of about half a million , posseses about one-fifth of all the known petroleum reserves in the world.
翻譯：Other additives are often added to the fracturing fluids for special proposes. Corrosion inhibitors may be used if the fracturing fluids might cause corrosion in the tubular goods in the well.Other additives are used to make the part of the fracturing fluid which is moving against the pipe walls behave almost like lubricating oil while the remaining fracturing fluid take an almost solid form to carry the maximum amount of proppant.
翻譯：Land maps are essential in establishing control wells and provide fundamental orientation. As Fig.2 illustrates, land maps which are readily available within most companies as well as readily available commercially, provide offset operators, total depth, formation tops and development dates. The land map is essential in establishing orientation and control.
翻譯：An acidizing treatment for a sandstone formation normally will consist of sequentially injecting three fluids---a preflush, the hydrofluoric acid hydrochloric acid mixture, and an after flush. These fluids serve definite purposes.
翻譯：The primary limitations for gas lift operations are the lack of formation gas of an outside source of gas, wide well spacing, and available space for compressors on off-shore plat forms. Generally, gas lift is not applicable to single-well installations and widely spaced wells that are not suited for a centrally located power system.
翻譯：The HF-HCI mixture (usually 3-percent HF and 12-percent HCI) then is injected. The HF reacts with calys, sand, drilling mud, or cement filtrate to improve permeability near the well-bore.The HCI will not react and is present to keep the PH low, preventing precipitation of HF reaction products. Sent to keep the PH low, preventing precipitation of HF reaction products.
翻譯：The need for a greater understanding of the pumping process and for the ability to engineer pump installations to a close degree of tolerance is being accentuated by the trend to pump from greater and greater depths . Problems are relatively minor when the pump is at 10,000 ft.
翻譯：The total quantity of petroleum now thought to exist on Earth is about 14 trillion gallons. In weight that is only one-ninth as much as the total existing quantity of coal and ,at the present moment, petroleum is being used up much more quickly. At the present rate of used, the worlds supply of petroleum may last for only thirty years or so.