A.constructive total loss
B.general average
C.particular average
D.total loss of a part
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A.actual total loss
B.constructive total loss
C.general average
D.particular average
A.Which
B.There
C.Where
D.While
A.Bill of lading
B.Bill of exchange
C.Mate's receipt
D.Manifest
A.The carrier
B.The Shipowner
C.The carrier or the Shipowner
D.Neither the carrier nor the Shipowner
A.Evidence of the contract
B.A receipt for the goods
C.A document of title
D.Evidence of the ship being seaworthiness
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In modern times,the work of stowage is generally deputed to stevedores,but that does not generally relieve the shipowners()their duties even though the stevedores are,under the charter-party,to be appointed by the Charterers.
In the absence of a special custom or the consent of the other interests in the adventure,the owner of deck cargo()claim for a general average contribution if it is jettisoned.
Sacrifices to meet the particular emergency,such as loss of the ship’s tackle through using it for unusual purposes in order to secure her safety in specially difficult circumstances,()the subject of a general average contribution.
In order to prevent a person()general average contribution on the ground that he was at fault,the fault must be something which constitutes an actionable wrong.
No jettison of cargo shall be made fair as()unless such cargo is carried in accordance withthe recognized custom of the trade.
The master of a ship must collect general average contributions for the benefit of those entitled to them,whether they are cargo owners or ship owner,and()the Shipowner’s lien on the cargo,where necessary,until they are paid.
The Shipowner cannot claim contribution from()if,after general average expenditure has been incurred,the ship and cargo are lost before the conclusion of the voyage.
If he is a common carrier,he is absolutely responsible to the owner of the goods carried ()any loss or damage to them unless caused by an Act of God or the Queen’s enemies,or the inherent vice in the goods themselves,or the negligence of the owner of the goods,or a general average sacrifice.
the master of Utopia,()owners,hereby declares general average and require all benefited interests to provide general average security.
Measures taken by the Assured or the Underwriters with the object of saving,protecting or recovering the subject-matter insured shall not be considered as().